AI Definitions: Deterministic System

Deterministic System - A deterministic system follows predefined logic: the rules are set out ahead of time to create a consistent output. On the other hand, a non-deterministic system can produce different outcomes even when the input is the same. The system selects the workflow rather than the user. Since generative AI is non-deterministic, it’s important to talk in term of probabilistic behavior, interpretation, and uncertainty. Some AI products combine both deterministic and non-deterministic systems, shifting depending on which one should be in control.

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AI as a Source of Emotional Support & Companionship

Young people don’t necessarily have to trust the technology to turn to it for advice—they just need to perceive it as less risky than confiding in another person. Turning to a human is scary, it’s vulnerable, and you’re afraid of their judgment and emotional reactivity. But big emotional events are a hallmark of the human experience … so it makes a lot of sense for young people to search for a place where those big emotions have a safe place to land and where they can make meaning of it. -Inside Higher Ed

29 Articles about the Impact of AI on Health Care

As AI takes on a bigger role in medical care, what should medical students learn? - AAMC

ChatGPT’s Advice to Cut Her Seizure Drug Led to Devastating Consequences - The New York Times

Medical AI's cost-benefit dilemma – Axios

Emerging applications of machine learning and AI for predictive modeling in precision medicine – Nature

AI depends on medical records that don’t always tell the full truth about women – Stat News

Using AI to offer personalized health advice – New York Times

First Large-Scale Study Shows How Doctors Use AI in Medicine – Harvard Medical School

Researchers say their AI model can predict whether someone will survive cancer based on a photo of the patient’s face – Washington Post

What the midterms could mean for the future of health AI – Stat News

AI in Medical Writing: Why JACC Does Not Require Disclosure - Journal of the American College of Cardiology - Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Microsoft develops AI tool that can diagnose 'sequentially' like a doctor – Reuters

Palantir CTO says some AI researchers are taking up smoking because they expect AI to cure cancer – Business Insider

Can Artificial Intelligence Learn the Art of Surgery? – New York Times

Ethical questions about health AI? The AMA has guidance – AMA

AI’s health advice can be accurate and still make us sicker – Stat News

Women Can Now Assess Their Breast Cancer Risk With the Help of A.I. – New York Times

Is AI Flooding Medical Journals With 'Meaningless' Research? – Med Page Today

Study finds AI scribes save doctors' time and may ease administrative burden – Medical Xpress

Battle of Hospital A.I. vs. Insurer A.I. Is Pushing Medical Costs Higher – New York Times

Manuscripts-turned AI agents can now ‘talk’ to each other, make new discoveries – Stanford

AI is not yet driving drug development – Axios

Single brain implant enables people with paralysis to speak and convey upper-body gestures simultaneously via a virtual avatar – NIH  

Medicine Needs to Get Serious About AI – The Atlantic

How AI makes biological research more dangerous – Axios

Development, validation and AI chatbot evaluation of the Adolescent Mental Health AI Response Tool – Nature

AI skin cancer detection tools are getting better – but only for people with light skin – The Conversation

AI turns to health care for an image fix – Axios

Tool Predicts Risk of More Than 300 Diseases With Existing Patient Data – Harvard

Americans Are Open to AI in Healthcare, but Want Humans Making Final Calls – Pew Research

Data Centers

Much of the growing opposition to data centers has come from rising electricity prices. But, according to a new study by researchers at Harvard University and the University of Pennsylvania, data centers are probably having only a small effect on residential electricity prices. The researchers calculated that these operations were responsible for just 4 percent of the utility rate increases over the last five years. -Washington Post

25 Webinars this week about AI, Journalism & Media

Mon, Nov 9 - Leveraging AI to Tell Compelling Stories

What: A working session built on lessons from 100+ data story projects with nonprofits like yours. We'll cover the do's and don'ts that separate a visual that lands from one that confuses — including what to

do when your story hypothesis and your data don't quite fit. We'll take an honest look at where AI genuinely helps with analysis and visualization, where it fills gaps convincingly but inaccurately, and why keeping a human in the loop matters.

Who: not publicized   

When: 12 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: TechSoup

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Mon, Nov 9 - State of the Industry Panel — The Great Fragmentation: PR & Communications in the Streaming Era

What: This panel brings together voices from sports, entertainment and brand communications to discuss how they're adapting: reaching fans across platforms without diluting the message, navigating rights and partnership shifts and rethinking what "reach" even means in 2026.

Who:  Brandi Sims, past chair and at-large board member, PRSA Entertainment & Sports Section; founder and CEO, Brandinc PR. Lindsey McElroy, executive vice president, sports and entertainment, Hunter PR Danny Astoria, vice president, head of public relations and integrated communications, Urban One; Derrick McKinney, CEO, Loud Muzik.

When: 12 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: members $40                                     

Sponsor: Public Relations Society of America

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Mon, Nov 9 - AI Pulse: Monthly Briefing

What: Practical case studies and advice on what the broader communications/PR profession is missing in today’s AI discussions.

Who: Robert P. Judin, Public Relations Lecturer, Director, Two Bits Creative, College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida; Erika J. Schneider, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications Interim Director, Weiss Center; Sophie Chaitovitz, Student, Syracuse University, Newhouse School of Public Communications Fred Cook, Fellow PRSA, Chair Emeritus, GOLIN, University of Southern California (USC); Ada Li, Student, USC.

When: 1 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: members $40, nonmembers $60        

Sponsor: Public Relations Society of America

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Tue, Nov 10 - The New Measurement Model for AI Search

What: We'll break down what each metric means, when to use it, and how to turn the data into reporting clients and leadership can understand.

Who: Chris Donnelly Co-Founder & CEO, Searchable;  JP Garbaccio Head of AEO & SEO, Searchable.

When: 10 am, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Searchable

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Tue, Nov 10 - Design at scale

What: You'll explore:  How professional designers can incorporate AI into their existing workflows; How generative image and video can support the creative process; How Affinity, Leonardo.Ai, and Canva Enterprise can support professional creative work from craft to scale.

Who: Beau Penton, Canva; Joel Perlgut, Leonardo.Ai.

When: 11 am, Eastern; 7 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Canva

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Tue, Nov 10 - Social Media Foundations, Part 1

What: We’ll teach you practical tips and tools for extending your cause and mission via social media. We cover the basics of using social media for your nonprofit organization and give you handy tips for the most useful social media platforms for nonprofits.

Who: Kiersten Hill, Director of Nonprofit Solutions.

When: 11 am, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Firespring

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Tue, Nov 10 - 30 Minute Skills: Metadata 101

What: By attending this class, you'll learn:  What is metadata?  Why should we care? Where can we find it and where can we scrub it?

Who: Davis Erin Anderson, Freedom of the Press Foundation.

When: 12 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: New England First Amendment Coalition

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Tue, Nov 10 - The Marketer’s Guide to Brand Momentum in 2027

What: Learn which brands gained momentum in 2026, which lost it, and why. Join for a first look at the 2027 Brand Momentum Guide from HarrisQuest: six industries, two years of history, and the finding that relevance drives momentum most often, but not always

Who: Sam Kraus, Sr. Director, Research at The Harris Poll.

When: 1 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: HarrisQuest

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Tue, Nov 10 - The Media and the Midterms

What: Experts will discuss how the media did covering the midterm elections — what was done well, what was done poorly, smart reporting and missed opportunities and how well the public was served. The discussion will include coverage of domestic and international issues and how America’s diverse communities were represented.

Who: Ali Harb, a journalist based in Washington, D.C.; Maham Javaid, Politics Reporter, NPR; Chuck McCutcheon an independent writing and editing professional in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore area; Richard Eisenberg, an ASJA Board Member.

When: 1 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: members, free; nonmembers $20       

Sponsor: American Society of Journalists & Authors

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Tue, Nov 10 - Introduction to Proposal Writing

What: The basic elements of a grant proposal, including the need statement, project description, and evaluation plan; A model outline of the essential components of any grant proposal; The "do's" and "don'ts" of writing, planning and submitting a proposal; The methods for building a relationship with a potential funder, from initial outreach to follow-up and reporting.

Who: Dave Holmes, Educational Programming Manager, Candid.

When: 2 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Candid.

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Tue, Nov 10 - AI for Product: Are You AI-Exposed? Protecting Your News Organization’s Data   

What: The key privacy and security risks news organizations face both from using AI and from having their content used by AI, including a security and tools checklist, and the key steps leaders must take to keep their data and their brand secure.

Who: Jon Accarrino, founder of ORDO Digital.

When: 2 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Members free, nonmembers $29        

Sponsor: Local Media Association

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Tue, Nov 10 - Anti-Bias & the Role of PR in the Ethical Use of AI

What: We will explore how PR professionals can think critically about bias, equity, transparency, accountability, and trust as AI becomes increasingly embedded in organizational decision-making and communications.  The discussion will also consider the responsibility communicators have to question the systems behind the tools they recommend, use, and help organizations adopt; and how PR can play a meaningful role in advocating for more responsible and equitable applications of AI.

Who: John R. Blosnich, Associate Professor at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, Director of the Center for LGBTQ+ Health Equity, and Interim Co-Director of the USC Center for AI in Society; Courtney M. Fowler, Digital Strategist and Consultant.

When: 3 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: members $40                                   

Sponsor: Public Relations Society of America

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Tue, Nov 10 - Resilience for Journalists Workshop

What: Learn practical strategies to manage stress, decompress and build resilience.

Who: Matt McDonell, an Afghanistan combat veteran and founder of Next18.

When: 6 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Society of Professional Journalists, Georgia; SPJ’s National Programming Committee.

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Wed, Nov 11 - When Journalists Build: From AI Tools to Agentic Workflows

What: Helping newsroom teams turn AI-assisted coding into practical applications, with infrastructure that allows journalists to build, host, and update tools securely; How StudioMaker enables journalists to create their own applications; How StudioFeed brings information together in one place so reporters can act on it; Using AI agents to help journalists and the communities they serve co-design and test new information services.

Who: David Cohn, Advance Local, Rune Ytreberg, iTromsø; Rune Ytreberg, leader of the data journalism lab at iTromsø; Rune Ytreberg, Leader, Data Journalism Lab, iTromsø.

When: 10 am, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: International News Media Association

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Wed, Nov 11 - Social Media Foundations, Part 2

What: You’ll learn a few advanced social media tips and tricks, elevate your social media presence through micro strategies and activate your advocates.

Who: Kiersten Hill, Director of Nonprofit Solutions.

When: 11 am, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Firespring

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Thu, Nov 12 - Protecting Your Mental Health as a Journalist

What: During the session you’ll learn: How to recognise the signs of stress, including changes in mood, behaviour, sleep and thinking; Practical ways to manage stress and protect your mental health when work becomes overwhelming; How editors, managers and colleagues can support journalists before, during and after difficult assignments

Who: Sian Williams, BBC broadcaster, NHS counselling psychologist and best-selling author of  ‘The Power of Anxiety: How to Ride the Worry Wave’; Journalist Rosemary Griffin who will draw on her own experience of covering major stories including the war in Ukraine.  

When: 9:30 am, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Women in Journalism

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Thu, Nov 12 - What’s next in Motion?

What: You'll explore: How professional motion designers are approaching 2D animation and generative motion design; How data visualization is becoming part of the modern creative workflow; What the future of creative production looks like through a motion lens.

Who: Chris Hardcastle, CEO, Cavalry by Canva; Phillip Tibballs,  Motion Creative Director, Canva; Lyndsey Pereira-Brereton, Content and Education Lead  Flourish by Canva

When: 11 am, Eastern; 7 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Canva

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Thu, Nov 12 - Beyond the Frame: Human Rights Video in the Age of Generative AI

What: A practical introduction to generative AI and the challenges of identifying and navigating manipulated media.

Who: Indira Cornelio, Knowledge Building Manager for WITNESS.

When: 1 pm, Eastern

Where: Eventbrite

Cost: $15.52                                               

Sponsor: The Video Consortium

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Thu, Nov 12 - Building Sustainable Newsrooms Through Evidence-Based Reporting

What: A free training on how to evaluate scientific claims, find and interview expert sources, and confidently incorporate evidence into stories.

Who: Siri Carpenter, Executive Director, The Open Notebook.

When: 2 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Local Media Association

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Thu, Nov 12 - Protect Your Grant, Multiply Your Impact: A Nonprofit’s Guide to Using AI with Google Ad Grants

What: Learn how to use AI purposefully for nonprofit growth. We will cover how to streamline ad strategy, write grant-compliant ad copy, and implement strict guardrails against generic messaging and policy violations.

Who: Aretha Simons, Nonprofit Consultant/Coach.

When: 2 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: TechSoup

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Thu, Nov 12 - Teaching PR Resilience in a Global World: Preparing Communicators for Ethics, Culture and Impact

What: This session offers practical strategies for teaching students not only to inform and persuade, but to lead with empathy, cultural intelligence and ethical responsibility in a world where communicators often stand at the center of crisis, recovery and social trust.

Who: Mary Bemker-Houghtaling, Walden University; Hong-Lim Choi, Korean Advertising and Public Relations Association; Rod Colón, Director of Talent Development & Leaders; Dawn Keshia, Program Coordinator C.H.O.I.C.E, Inc.  

When: 3 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: members, $40                                    

Sponsor: Public Relations Society of America

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Thu, Nov 12 - How to write story pitches editors will actually read — and commission

What: In in-depth examination of what goes into a fantastic story pitch. How do you structure it? What must be in it, and what should you leave out? How much pre-reporting should you do? How can you head off the follow-up questions an editor will inevitably ask? How do you even find editors to pitch or know what publication to shoot for? We'll cover all that and much, much more in this workshop.

Who: Tim Herrera, author and former editor of The New York Times's Smarter Living.

When: 4 pm, Eastern

Where: Eventbrite

Cost: $25                                                    

Sponsor: Freelancing With Tim

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Thu, Nov 12 - What’s Your Schtick? Personal Branding On & Off LinkedIn 

What: Learn how to determine keywords for your resume and LinkedIn profile; Learn tips and best practices for business & networking cards; Create a custom-branded email signature ; Learn the difference between taglines vs. slogans; And more. 

Who: Lynne Williams, Executive Director of Great Careers Network.

When: 6 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: Small Business Development Center, Widener University

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Thu, Nov 12 - Data Journalism In Collegiate Sports And Beyond

What: How could you use data to elevate your reporting that goes beyond game-day coverage? How can you tell powerful and interesting stories in athletic department budgets, NIL, government accountability, public health issues and more?

Who: Peyton Barish, assistant project manager of the Knight-Newhouse College Athletics Database, housed in Syracuse University.

When: 6 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: The News Lab at Penn State

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Fri, Nov 13 - How is 'local' working globally?

What: The news environment differs from country to country. Experts weigh in on what’s working and where. Big companies worldwide are merging journalism and entertainment. Experts explore the ramifications.

Who: Peter Erdelyi, Founding Director, Center for Sustainable Media; Adam Auerbach, Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science, Yale University; Matt Elliott, Author, City Hall Watcher Substack.

When: 12 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free                                                   

Sponsor: University of Maryland’s Philip Merrill College of Journalism and the Robert H. Smith School of Business

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How AI Shifts Design Decisions

Even when you try to make a language model behave predictably, the infrastructure running it can introduce variation. Now imagine building a product on top of that model. One that creates freight bookings, updates customer records, or moves medical documents between systems. The problem isn’t that AI can produce different answers. That’s often exactly why we’re using it. The problem starts when those answers turn into actions, and nobody has decided which parts of the process are allowed to be unpredictable. -Michał Krztoń

19 Articles about the Business of Running an AI Company

Only the Start

In June, Google also used A.I. to find and fix 1,072 bugs in its web browser, Chrome, which was more than it had patched in the last two years. So far this year, it has fixed more severe bugs than the last eight years combined. And this month alone, Microsoft published 1,461 patches, more than the 1,247 it issued in all of 2025.  It is likely only the start. -New York Times

24 Recent Articles about AI & Audio/Video

Microsoft Patents an AI That Can Literally Put Words in People’s Mouths in Real Time – Futurism

Why is an AI brand focusing on film festivals? – Marketing Brew

The problem with AI music is not necessarily the technology – Washington Post

As fans reject AI-generated music, even boosters are drawing the line – The Guardian 

Is 2026 the fakest year in music? – NPR

This $150 lifetime AI-powered app listens while you play piano and coaches you in real time - Mashable

AI Music Startup Suno Bets Anyone Can Be a Rock Star – Bloomberg

Spotify says it removed 50 million ‘slop’ and spam AI tracks this year – NBC News

A South Korean reality dating show is pairing celebrities with A.I. - New York Times

The Best AI Notetakers to Record Your Meetings, Interviews, or Classes – WIRED

Musicians Versus the A.I. Machine. Why Bother Writing Songs Anymore? - New York Times

Man used AI songs and 10,000 bots to collect $8M in fraudulent music royalties, prosecutors say – Fox Business

Sony Music has now asked platforms to remove more than 260,000 AI deepfakes imitating artists like Harry Styles, Adele, and Michael Jackson – Music Business Worldwide

Russia’s Latest Propaganda? A.I.-Generated War Songs - New York Times

Court rules man should be resentenced after AI video of victim was shown in court – NPR

K-Pop Is Betting on AI and Robots. Will Fans Buy It? – Wall Street Journal

Best AI video generators in 2026 – Jerusalem Post

An A.I. Giant Made an Enemy of Record Labels. Can It Play Nice? - New York Times

Disney has fought AI firms over copyright. Now it’s testing AI lyric videos – LA Times

Musicians Sue A.I. Music Company for Imitating Their Voices  - New York Times

Rewriting Copyright Law for Generative AI Would Hurt Everyone – Electronic Frontier Foundation

Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine Think A.I. Is Good for Music - New York Times

Fully AI-generated music will be banned from Australia’s ARIA charts – ABC.au

Spotify Will Label A.I. Artists and Avoid Promoting Them - New York Times

AI Definitions: Vibe Coding

Vibe Coding – Using an LLM to generate code using natural language prompts. Some degree of human oversight, debugging and refinement is needed. This is not the same as software development, where the user reviews the AI coding and can explain it. While the goal is a finished product, in practice, this approach carries risks, such as hidden bugs and subtle security issues. It requires some human oversight before becoming production-ready. Nevertheless, with a few keystrokes, amateurs can now build products that would have once needed teams of engineers. Vibe coding platforms include Claude Artifacts, Creator Hunter, and Cursor. 

More AI Definitions

AI Definitions: Vibe Coding

Vibe Coding – Using an LLM to generate code using natural language prompts. Some degree of human oversight, debugging and refinement is needed. This is not the same as software development, where the user reviews the AI coding and can explain it. While the goal is a finished product, in practice, this approach carries risks, such as hidden bugs and subtle security issues. It requires some human oversight before becoming production-ready. Nevertheless, with a few keystrokes, amateurs can now build products that would have once needed teams of engineers. Vibe coding platforms include Claude Artifacts, Creator Hunter, and Cursor. 

More AI Definitions

25 Articles about AI & Teaching

How teachers are remaking classrooms for the AI age – Reuters

AI surge prompts more Penn professors to go no-tech - The Daily Pennsylvanian

An audit finds serious flaws in research on AI in education – Hechinger Report

AI use leads UC Berkeley math professor to see ‘no point’ in grading homework – Daily Californian

New 'Art of AI' course at the University of Central Florida sparks controversy about the technology's place in the arts –  UCF Student Newspaper

In the age of AI, I'm teaching my students how much of writing is not writing – WBUR

Don’t Worry About Professors’ Rules, AI Executive Tells Students – Chronicle of Higher Ed

Universities Are on an AI Philosopher Hiring Spree – Inside Higher Ed

As AI reshapes coursework, humanities professors rethink the role of take-home writing assignments – Brown Daily Herald

Don’t Write With AI, Say People Who Write With AI – The Atlantic

Who Cares Whether Academics Use AI to Write? – Chronicle of Higher Ed

Why My Conversations With ‘ChatGPT for Teens’ Made Me Very Worried – New York Times  

A new college course proposal, "Living AI" – Axios

How AI Suspicions Are Undermining Student-Teacher Relationships – EdWeek

AI Slop Coming to a Library Near You - Inside Higher Ed

Most Academics Haven’t Used AI to Write but Think Limited Use Is OK, Chronicle Survey Finds - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Professors are tearing their hair out over AI detectors. – The Atlantic

I’m a College Professor. Writing Isn’t as Important as We Think. - New York Times

The Future of Plagiarism – Chronicle of Higher Ed

These teachers fight AI cheating with classes that force students to show they are learning – Washington Post

AI is becoming more common in uni courses. What can students gain and what might they lose? – The Conversation

AI policies are repeating every mistake of plagiarism policies – Times Higher Ed

Pangram Has Emerged as the Gold Standard of AI Detection. Should You Trust It? – WIRED

MIT Warns That AI Can Now Credibly Complete Pretty Much Any Undergrad Assignment, Considers Overhaul of Entire Educational Model – Futurism

NYC’s public school district, the largest in the country, will ban the use of A.I. in elementary and middle schools. – New York Times