Articles of Interest - Jan 25

***SOCIAL MEDIA

The fastest-growing ‘news’ site of 2015 was an obscure content farm for moms - Washington Post

Nearly Half of Twitter’s Senior Leaders Are Leaving – Wired

4 ways to tell if a picture was Photoshopped just by glancing at it – Tech Insider

Nielsen Will Now Use Your Facebook Chatter for TV Ratings - Wired

***BIG DATA  

Automating Legal Advice: AI and Expert Systems - Bloomberg

Google's new free, 3-month course on Deep Learning - The Verge

Here's a nice summary of what's at stake in the practical ethics of machine intelligence - Fast Forward Labs 

Need a simple explanation of Hadoop for the uninitiated? - Smart Data Collection

How Big Data is flatting the #music industry as algorithms replace talent-scout bar crawls with data-created music - Dataconmy

***PERSONAL GROWTH

Ultimate Reality - Becoming (my blog)

***WRITIN’ AND READIN’

The 20 Most Influential Academic Books of All Time: No Spoilers - Open Culture

Scholars Talk Writing: Ideally you want to be an id on the first draft and a superego on the second' - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Ursula Le Guin Gives Insightful Writing Advice in Her Free Online Workshop - Open Culture 

***LITERATURE

The Open Syllabus Project Gathers 1,000,000 Syllabi from Universities & Reveals the 100 Most Frequently-Taught Books- Open Culture

A doctor’s mission: Showing why literature matters to medicine – Dallas Morning News

***RESEARCH                                           

Yahoo Releases Largest Cache of Internet Data - Wall Street Journal

***RACE AND GENDER ISSUES

Prominent Medieval Scholar’s Blog on ‘Feminist Fog’ Sparks an Uproar - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***FREE SPEECH

Digital rights non-profit argues against banning anonymous speech platforms like Yik Yak - Student Press Law Center

Watch What You Say: How fear is stifling academic freedom (subscription) - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***LEGAL ISSUES

Before I Can Fix This Tractor, We Have to Fix Copyright Law - Slate

Florida appeals court reverses order to ‘unpublish’ information – Columbia Journalism Review

****SCIENCE

Quantum Links in Time and Space May Form the Universe’s Foundation – Wired

****PSYCHOLOGY                         

Even Facebook can’t help you have more than 150 real friends - Washington Post

Florida Governor Wants to Know why all Pscyhology Majors aren’t Employed - Inside Higher Ed

Lumosity to Pay $2M to Settle FTC Charges Over 'Brain Training' – NBC News

****PHILOSOPHY

When Philosophy Lost Its Way New York Times

***TECHNOLOGY

The Way You Buy and Use Apps Is About to Change Big Time - Wired

***HISTORY

The history of the world, as you’ve never seen it before - Washington Post

***MEDIA

Nielsen To Use Facebook And Twitter In New Social TV Ratings - NP

***JOURNALISM

MU professor Melissa Click, who called for ‘muscle’ to remove reporter, charged with assault - KansasCity.com

How well do you speak Journalism Jargon? - Contently

A new data journalism tool – and a new way of reporting uncertainty - Online Journalism Blog

What journalists get wrong about social science, according to 20 scientists - Vox

How Data Journalism is Impacting the Industry – CTOvision

Are intelligent agents the beginning of the end for journalism as we know it? - Phys Org

***THE BUSINESS OF JOURNALISM

A News Team Was Fired For Reportedly Playing Cards Against Humanity At Work - Buzz Feed

TVNZ presenter accepts apology from pregnancy critic - The New Zealand Herald

Pew: $6.3M raised for journalism projects on Kickstarter in 6-year period – USA Today

The New York Times celebrates 20 years on the worldwide web, as newspaper business prepares for more challenges ahead – Talking New Media

***STUDENT JOURNALISM

College newspaper playing major role in FBI investigation into Kent State professor’s ISIS ties - Fox8

****STUDENT LIFE                                                      

Mizzou is Encouraging Students to Report Anyone Who Makes Fun of a Classmate - National Review

21 Pictures People Not In College Will Never Understand - BuzzFeed

Campus Backlash over College President’s Plan to get ride of at-Risk Freshmen: Drown the Bunnies - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Generation Uphill (The millennials are the brainiest, best-educated generation ever. Yet their elders often stop them from reaching their full potential) - The Economist

****JOBS

6 LinkedIn tips to help maximize your job search - USA Today   

****ACADEMIC LIFE

 Professor Says She Was Fired Unconstitutionally For Cursing - Huffington Post

Fired LSU Professor’s Lawsuit Challenges Federal Title IX Guidance - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***HIGHER ED

Ed Dept to publish a list of religious colleges that have received Title IX exemptions - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Undergraduate success linked to meaningful interaction with professors, studying a variety of fields and having classroom talks that go to issues of ethics and life - Inside Higher Ed

***TEACHING

Confessions of a MOOC professor: three things I learned and two things I worry about - The Conversation

TurnItIn Expands Beyond Plagiarism - Inside Higher Ed

***SEXUAL ASSAULT ON CAMPUS

How A Stanford Student Accused Of Assaulting Multiple Women Graduated - Huffington Post

Survey: 21% of Undergraduate Women Have Been Sexually Assaulted in College - Bureau of Justice Statistics

How Much Should a University Have to Reveal About a Sexual-Assault Case? (how universities misuse FERPA) - New York Times

***RELIGION

Americans may be getting less religious, but feelings of spirituality are on the rise - Pew Research

In Defense of Theology - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Why Trump Is Winning Over Christian Conservatives - TIME

 

Sailing into Adventure

Three Englishmen decided to sail across the English Channel on a whim and a 7-foot dinghy in May of 2011. Eleven hours later they greeted rescuers with cries of “Bonjour,” thinking they had reached the coast of France. But the trio had traveled just two miles from where they had launched their tiny boat. One of the rescuers told the media that the smallest of waves might have capsized them.

It’s easy to laugh at the young men. They only brought a single paddle with a bottle of wine on their big adventure. Yet how often we are likewise adrift, thinking only of the fun we'll have during our journey, unaware we are going nowhere?

Stephen Goforth

When we’re anxious, things smell bad

When we are tense, two parts of our brains that normally keep to themselves wind up talking to each other. The result? Researchers say that normally neutral odors become olfactory offenses. And it gets worse the more stressed out we get. A University of Wisconsin-Madison study found the offensive smells make us even more anxious creating a vicious stinky cycle. Details are in the Journal of Neuroscience.

Stephen Goforth

the audience effect

The effort of communicating to someone else forces you to pay more attention and learn more. You can see this audience effect even in small children.

In one of my favorite experiments, a group of Vanderbilt University researchers in 2008 published a study in which several dozen 4- and 5-year-olds were shown patterns of colored bugs and asked to predict which would be next in the sequence. In one group, the children simply repeated the puzzle answers into a tape recorder.

In a second group, they were asked to record an explanation of how they were solving each puzzle.

And in the third group, the kids had an audience: They had to explain their reasoning to their mothers, who sat near them, listening but not offering any help. Then each group was given patterns that were more complicated and harder to predict.

The results?

The children who didn’t explain their thinking performed worst. The ones who recorded their explanations did better—the mere act of articulating their thinking process aloud seemed to help them identify the patterns more clearly. But the ones who were talking to a meaningful audience—Mom—did best of all. When presented with the more complicated puzzles, on average they solved more than the kids who’d explained to themselves and about twice as many as the ones who’d simply repeated their answers.

Researchers have found similar effects with adolescents and adults.

Interestingly, the audience effect doesn’t necessarily require a big audience. This seems particularly true online.

Clive Thompson, Smarter Than you Think

Articles of interest - Jan 18

***THE INTERNET

Sadly, the Internet Isn’t Making the World a Better Place - MIT Technology Review

****SCIENCE

Vial and Error: Science’s wonders are oft built on blunders - Chronicle of Higher Ed

String Theory Meets Loop Quantum Gravity (Two leading candidates for a “theory of everything,” long thought incompatible, may be two sides of the same coin) - Quantam Magazine

****PSYCHOLOGY                         

Many Black Students Don’t Seek Help for Mental-Health Concerns, Survey Finds - Chronicle of Higher Ed

How the sound of your own voice can affect your mood - Vox

The Joy of Psyching Myself Out (Is it possible to think scientifically and creatively at once?) - New York Times

Can a brain scan uncover your morals? - The Guardian

****PHILOSOPHY

Plato’s Cave Allegory Animated Monty Python-Style - Open Culture

 ***PERSONAL GROWTH

Controlling Emotions - Becoming (my blog)

How to Take Advantage of Boredom, the Secret Ingredient of Creativity - Open Culture

***GRAMMAR     

Our National Anthimeria - Chronicle of Higher Ed

So They Say: Fallout from the expansion of "they" - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Everyone Uses Singular 'They,' Whether They Realize It Or Not - NPR

***LANGUAGE

The case of the missing “u”s in American English - Quartz

The totes amazesh way millennials are changing the English language - Washington Post

***LITERATURE

On Oscar Wilde and Plagiarism - Public Domain Review

An Introduction to the World of Haruki Murakami Through Documentaries, Stories, Animation, Music Playlists & More - Open Culture

What Your First Fictional Crush From Literature Says About You Bustle

***MUSIC & ART

Download 650 Soviet Book Covers, Many Sporting Wonderful Avant-Garde Designs (1917-1942) - Open Culture

All of Bach is Putting Bach’s Complete Works Online: 100 Done, 980 to Come - Open Culture

Will Big Data Write The Next Hit Song? - Datacomony

***RESEARCH                                           

Wikipedia at 15: Millions of readers in scores of languages - Pew Research

Excuses for Plagiarism by Researchers - Retraction Watch

Fake study on moms’ kisses risked sowing confusion just for a laugh - Stat News

The Most-Edited Wikipedia Pages Over The Last 15 Years - FiveThirtyEight

At 15, Wikipedia Is Finally Finding Its Way to the Truth – Wired

The scholarly database JSTOR, recognizing its role as a starting point for research, sees major growth in its ebook program – Inside Higher Ed

***RACE AND GENDER ISSUES

A new survey explains one big reason there are so few women in technology - Vox

Female professors are woefully outnumbered at med schools nationwide - Stat News

When Teamwork Doesn’t Work for Women (In economics, women don’t get full credit for work done with men, says a new study) - New York Times

***HISTORY

7 Little-Known Martin Luther King, Jr. Facts You Weren't Taught in History Class - Mic

***MEDIA

Media, Journalism and Technology Predictions 2016 - Digital Newsreport

Four Keys to Creating a Great Audio Interview - Orbit Media

***SOCIAL MEDIA

Twitter is not broken, and they should stop trying to fix it - Vox

Please watch this video before deciding whether Instagram fame is right for you - Washington Post

Death Hoaxes, Like-Farming, and YouClickbait? Likebait? Why it matters - Snopes

I Found Out My Secret Internal Tinder Rating And Now I Wish I Hadn't - Fast Company 

How to Build an Empathetic Social Media Strategy for Times of Tragedy - Moz

The White House Is Now on Snapchat (And Every Other Platform) - Wired

Periscope Now Drops Live Video Into Your Twitter Timeline 

Hey Millennials, Your Mom Is About to Follow You on Snapchat - Wired

***BIG DATA  

A suite of easy-to-use web tools for beginners that introduce concepts of working with data - Data Basic

5 major data analytics missteps beginners make - Information Management

Favorite 2015 books for data science beginners, machine learning resources, managing data projects - FastForward Labs

Does MIT's advances with the Data Science Machine change the human element in the Big Data process? - - Dataconomy

8 open source Big Data mining tools some suitable for beginners-some remarkably robust for the pro - DataMation

FTC: concerns over how you handle Big Data related to discrimination & privacy - Computer World

A look inside the Facebook algorithm, the human element behind it and the place of user control - Slate

The Secret Weapon of Predictive Analytics: Contextual Integration - Data Informed

I asked a computer to be my life coach. Personal #analytics gets a workout - NPR

How ‘The Revenant’ — and Big Data — Will Change Movies Forever – Yahoo Tech

***RELIGION

Division Over Social Issues Threatens Global Split Among Anglican Churches - NPR

Are Trump's Values Consistent With Evangelicals? - NPR

The Duggars: Sexual Abuse in the Christian Homeschooling Movement - Jstor

New charges against allege Bill Gothard sexually abused women – Washington Post

Trump: Christianity 'under siege' - The Hill

Supreme Court to Consider Churches’ Rights to State Grants (Justices to review whether funds must be offered on same terms as for secular groups) – Wall Street Journal

Christian denominations grapple with graying clergy, ways to appeal to the young – Houston Chronicle

***JOURNALISM

Fifty Years of FOIA: As the Freedom of Information Act turns 50, journalists are innovating new ways to use the law - Harvard's Nieman Lab

Here are some more predictions for journalism in 2016 - Harvard's Nieman Lab

Snopes' Field Guide to Fake News Sites and Hoax Purveyors - Snopes

The Problem With Journalism Is You Need an Audience - Gawker

Journalism in the movies – Financial Times

Is Making a Murderer ‘Advocacy Journalism’? – The Wrap

***THE BUSINESS OF JOURNALISM

Al Jazeera America is closing because ‘our business model is simply not sustainable…’ - Poynter

****JOBS

5 tips for facing your networking fears - Biz Journals

Code School Udacity Promises Refunds if You Don’t Get a Job - Wired

***SEXUAL ASSAULT ON CAMPUS

Being A Sexual Assault Survivor In College Often Comes With Huge Bills (Experts are noticing the Education Department is increasingly ordering colleges to include financial remedies for victims) - Huffington Post

How 46 Title IX Cases Were Resolved  - Chronicle of Higher Ed

****STUDENT LIFE                      

Pretty Girls Make (Higher) Grades - NPR

The Number Of College Students Seeking Mental Health Treatment Is Growing Rapidly - Huffington Post

***HIGHER ED

Oregon Cancels Branding Contract, Will Spend Money on Academics 

The 13 Best ‘Onion’ Stories About Higher Education

5 Ways Elite-College Admissions Shut Out Poor Kids – NPR

Can Statements Faith Be Compatible Academic Freedom – Inside Higher Ed

Wheaton College and creationism (opinion) – Patheos

***TEACHING

Small Changes in Teaching: The First 5 Minutes of Class - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Communicating with Students: A Suggestion About Email - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Mapping a MOOC Reveals Global Patterns in Student Engagement - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Can Teaching Methods Be Patented  (Experts attempt to make sense of Khan Academy's patent application for A/B testing in education -- and whether it can even be patented) – Inside Higher Ed

seeing who's a winner

What matters most in a music competition—the music, right? Before you answer, consider this study: Some volunteers were asked to guess which performers won classical music competitions after listening to audio of the contest. Others were given audio and video of the performances. A third group got the video with no sound. Despite not hearing a note, the last group, going off of video without audio, guessed the winners better than the volunteers who could actually hear the performances. These volunteers were not just music fans—they were amateur and professional musicians. Both these volunteers and the actual judges of the contests allowed the visual image to outweigh the music itself when judging its value.

Researcher took the study one step further by trying to figure out what made the difference. If you think it was the attractiveness of the performer, think again. The social cues related to passion and creativity provided the biggest indication as to which performances would be judged award winning.

Often what we say we value (in this case, the music itself) takes a backseat to what we really value (the performer's visual presentation flare and appearance).

Details of the study are in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. You can read it here.

Stephen Goforth

articles of interest - Jan 11

***SOCIAL MEDIA

How This 26-Year-Old Los Angeles Artist Became a Periscope Celebrity - ABC News

The World’s Top-Earning YouTube Stars 2015 - Forbes

Who Controls Your Facebook Feed - Slate

Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey Hints Its 140 Character Limit Could End - Wired

How Facebook Makes Us Dumber - Bloomberg

 ***BIG DATA  

What the software line drawn from 2006 to 2016 tells you about the next decade of Big Data - Datanami

Clever Algorithms do not eliminate the need for care when drawing connections between cause and effect - Harvard Business Review (Recognizing two particular limitations of algorithms is the first step to managing them better)

Predictive or Prescriptive analytics? Perhaps both - Business News Daily

Lots of people call themselves Data Scientists-how to know you have the real thing before  building it into your org - Predictive Analytics World

Four analytics trends to watch in 2016:  #3-IoT propels businesses to explore geospatial - IT pro Portal

Data storytelling in 2016: changes in the way journalists report the news & how businesses interact with their data - Computer World

***WRITIN’ AND READIN’

Code-Switching to Improve Your Writing and Productivity - Chronicle of Higher Ed

Writing Fantasies (subscription) - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***GRAMMAR     

Sorry, grammar nerds. The singular ‘they’ has been declared Word of the Year - Washington Post

Word(s) of the Year 2015 - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***LANGUAGE

NPR's Code Switch Team Explores Political Correctness On College Campuses - NPR

***LITERATURE

Graphic Novelist Named National Ambassador For Young People's Literature - NPR

Are There Any Unforgivable Sins in Literature? - New York Times

Why lawyers love Shakespeare - Economist

Why the British Tell Better Children’s Stories - The Atlantic

***RESEARCH                                           

You Can’t Trust What You Read About Nutrition - FiveThirtyEight

***PERSONAL GROWTH

Free yourself from negative people - Becoming (my Blog)

When Are You Really an Adult? - The Atlantic

Kendrick Lamar: I can't change the world until I change myself first - NPR

***JOURNALISM

Reclaiming spin - Columbia Journalism Review

18 Of The Most Hilarious Media Corrections Of 2015 - BuzzFeed

What to expect from data storytelling in 2016 - Computer World

A journalism professor was fired this week - Michael Koretzky (opinion)

New Book Highlights Historic Black Newspaper - NPR

ProPublica Launches the Dark Web’s First Major News Site - Wired

A new program at Medill places engineering and journalism students together in the Bay Area - Poynter

Outfits, Graphics, and the News Room: Why the News Looks the Way It Does - JStor

These will be the 5 biggest sports journalism stories in 2016 - Poynter

***THE BUSINESS OF JOURNALISM

Consumers Can't Tell Native Ads From Editorial Content - Media Post

Fox Chicago producer's sexist cold call on women's hats iced by GM - Chicago Tribune

The state of automated journalism - Harvard's Nieman Lab

New York Times: The homepage still plays a prominent role - Journalism.co

****STUDENT LIFE

The whole 'working as a barista after college' thing is a myth - Business Insider

****PSYCHOLOGY                         

Revolutionary Neuroscience Technique Slated for Human Clinical Trials - Scientific American

Do These Jeans Make Me Look Unethical? - NPR

Anatomy Of Addiction: How Heroin And Opioids Hijack The Brain - NPR

****PHILOSOPHY

Philosophers want to know why physicists believe theories they can’t prove - Quartz

The Enlightenment is often miscast as the ‘Age of Reason’ - Wall Street Journal (In truth, it dethroned rational philosophy in favor of sociology and psychology.)

***HIGHER ED

California Accreditor Loses Appeal - Inside Higher Ed

Public records deflate myths about "profitable" college athletics - Student Press Law Center

***HUMANITIES /STEM

'Manifesto for the Humanities' - Inside Higher Ed

Professors consider how to sell English major to students parents administrators - Inside Higher Ed

***TEACHING

Assessing the Process Not the Product of Learning - Chronicle of Higher Ed

New analysis offers more evidence against the reliability of student evaluations of teaching - Inside Higher Ed(they’re actually better at gauging students’ gender bias and grade expectations)

Setting Boundaries as an Empathetic Teacher - Chronicle of Higher Ed (How to keep some emotional distance from the personal traumas of your students)

***SEXUAL ASSAULT ON CAMPUS

 A tool to Track Hundreds of Federal Sexual-Assault Investigations - Chronicle of Higher Ed

The Legal Limits of ‘Yes Means Yes’ - Chronicle of Higher Ed

***LEGAL ISSUES

2015 Year in Review for Student and Faculty Rights on Campus - The Fire

Are Legal Restrictions On Disparaging Personal Names Unconstitutional?–In re The Slants - Technology & Marketing Law Blog

Two courts reaffirm protections for opinions based on disclosed facts - Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press

Kent State University agrees to $145,000 settlement of federal lawsuit over assistance animals - Cleveland Plain Dealer

End of the Line for Google Books Lawsuit? - Inside Higher Ed

Google Defeats Copyright Lawsuit Over Waze Data - Technology & Marketing Law Blog

***RELIGION

Donald Trump At Evangelical Liberty University Jan 18 - International Business Times

Wheaton professor denounces efforts to fire her - Chicago Tribune

In treatment of professor, Wheaton shows split among US Evangelicals - Christian Science Monitor

The Real Reason Wheaton College is Terminating Larycia Hawkins: Loving the Common “Enemy”  - Patheos

Do Black Lives Matter to evangelicals? - Washington Post (opinion)

'Insider Movements' book called 'dangerous' - Baptist Press

Franklin Graham’s promised land - The Economist

This Is What It’s Like To Be Christian And Live Under ISIS - BuzzFeed News

Classicists' Christian Problem - Chronicle of Higher Ed

 

The freak-out test

If I were feeling really anxious what would I do? If we would pick up the phone and call six friends, one after another, with the aim of hearing their voices and reassuring ourselves that they still love us, we’re operating hierarchically. We’re seeking the good opinion of others.

Here’s another test. Of any activity you do, ask yourself: If I were the last person on earth, would I still do it? If you are alone on a planet a hierarchical structure makes no sense. There’s no one to impress. So, if you’d still pursue that activity, congratulations.

If Arnold Schwarzenegger were the last man on earth, he’d still go to the gym. Stevie Wonder would still pound the piano. The sustenance they get comes from the act itself, not from the impression it makes on others.

Now: What about ourselves as artists?

If we were freaked out, would we go there first? If we were the last person on earth, would we still show up at the studio, the rehearsal hall, the laboratory?

Steven Pressfield. The War of Art

Wings are best grown after you jump off the cliff anyway

Life after college is like getting hit by a bus you didn’t see coming because you were too busy texting to look both ways before crossing the street. And why would you? You’ve crossed that street every single day at the exact same time for 20 years and a bus has never run over you before. Here’s the thing: Up until this point, your entire life has been hinged upon a concept of preparation and reward. You study for a test, you get a good grade. You exhibit good behavior, you don’t get thrown in detention. You do your chores, you get an allowance. 

The real world doesn’t really care about any of that. Sometimes you fail when you should have succeeded. Sometimes you’re punished when you’ve done nothing wrong. Sometimes you lose, even when you did everything in your power to win. So lay down your ego and stop waving that degree around like it’s a Get Out Of Jail Free card. Jump in. Grow your wings.

Alex McDaniel

Coming to terms with the unknown

A Dutch experiment gave subjects a series of 20 jolts of electricity. The group was divided between those who knew they were getting 20 strong shocks and those who were told they would receive 17 mild shocks and 3 intense jolts. The second group wasn't told which shock was coming when.

The researchers found the group that did not know what was coming had a higher level of anxiety - even though they received fewer hits than the other group. The group facing uncertainty sweated more and their hearts beat faster.

Oddly enough, the anticipation of the unknown creates more stress for us than knowing something bad is going to happen to us. We prefer knowing the bad news is a sure thing over suspecting there may be bad news to come.

It’s hard to come to terms with the unknown. When we know what we are facing, we can go ahead and grieve and move forward. But when we don’t know whether to grieve or not, or how much to grieve, we are stuck in the land of uncertainty.

Stephen Goforth

fuming and fretting

One autumn day Mrs. Peale and I took a trip into Massachusetts to see our son John and we pride ourselves on the good old American custom of promptness. Therefore, being a bit behind schedule, we were driving at breakneck speed through the autumnal landscape. My wife said, "Norman, did you see that radiant hillside?"

"What hillside?" I asked.

"It just went by on the other side," she explained.

"Look at that beautiful tree."

"What tree?" I was already a mile past it.

"This is one of the most glorious days I have ever seen," my wife said. "How could you possibly imagine such amazing colors as these New England hillsides in October? In fact," she said, "it makes me happy inside."

That remark of hers so impressed me that I stopped the car and went back a quarter of a mile to a lake backed by towering hills dressed in autumn colors. We sat and looked and meditated. God with His genius and skill had painted that scene in the varied colors which He alone can mix. In the still waters of the lake lay a reflected vision of His glory, for the hillside was unforgettably pictured in that mirrorlike pond.

For quite a while we sat without a word until finally my wife broke the silence by the only appropriate statement that one could make, "He leadeth me beside the still waters." (Ps 23:2) We arrived at Deerfield at eleven, but we were not tired. In fact, we were deeply refreshed.

Norman Vincent Peale, The Power of Positive Thinking

The Geography of Cancer

Chance has a genius for disguise. Frequently it appears in numbers that seem to form a pattern. People feel an overwhelming temptation to deduce that there is more to the events they witness than chance alone. Sometimes we are right. Often, though, we are suckered, and the apparent order merely resembles one.

To see why, take a bag of rice and chuck the contents straight into the air.

Observe the way the rice is scattered on the carpet at your feet. What you have done is create a chance distribution of rice grains. There will be thin patches here, thicker ones there, and every so often a much larger and distinct pile of rice. It has clustered.

Now imagine each grain of rice as a cancer case falling across a map of the United States.

Wherever cases of cancer bunch, people demand an explanation. The rice patterns, however, don’t need an explanation. The rice shows that clustering, as the result of chance alone, is to be expected. The truly weird result would be if the rice had spread itself in a smooth, regular layer. Similarly, the genuinely odd pattern of illness would be an even spread of cases across the population.

This analogy draws no moral equivalence between cancer and rice patterns. Sometimes, certainly, a cancer cluster will point to a shared local cause. Often, though, the explanation lies in the complicated and myriad causes of disease, mingled with the complicated and myriad influences on where we choose to live, combined with accidents of timing, all in a collision of endless possibilities that, just like the endless collisions of those flying rice grains, come together to produce a cluster.

Michael Blastland and Andrew Dilnot, The Numbers Game

Solving the problem is more important than blaming the cause

When you’re young, it’s easy to get into the blame game when things go wrong. Your alarm clock didn’t go off. Your computer crashed as you were typing the last sentence of that 10-page history paper. That professor didn’t like you. Then you grow up, and guess what? No one cares about your excuses, unavoidable as they might be. Be proactive. Get the job done. Worry about the rest later. 

Alex McDaniel

If you’re not being challenged on a daily basis, change something

Reaching adulthood is no excuse to stop learning or growing. It just means now we’re responsible for reaching new heights in every aspect of our lives. Go for a morning jog. Ask your boss if you can have a hand in a bigger project with more responsibility. Meet new people. Keep pushing.

Alex McDaniel

Being single is not an illness to be cured

There’s a big difference in aspiring to be in a relationship with someone who brings out the best in you and simply wanting to be in a relationship so you don’t have to be single anymore. Your relationship status isn’t indicative of your personal success, so why not embrace the dating lulls when they come as time to work on yourself until someone better comes along? And slap anyone who asks when you’re finally going to settle down and find someone. They need it. 

Alex McDaniel